Lesson Plan Title: Grade 3 Mathematics – Introduction to Multiplication and Division
Materials Needed:
– Counters (e.g., beads, buttons)
– Multiplication and Division flashcards
– Whiteboard and markers
– Chart paper
– Worksheets with multiplication and division problems
– Visual aids (e.g., pictures showing groups of objects)
– Number line
– Multiplication and Division anchor charts
Learning Objectives:
1. Learners will understand the concepts of multiplication as repeated addition.
2. Learners will understand the concept of division as sharing or grouping.
3. Learners will be able to solve simple multiplication and division problems using concrete objects.
4. Learners will demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between multiplication and division.
Vocabulary:
– Multiplication
– Division
– Repeated Addition
– Groups
– Sharing
– Equal Parts
Previous Learning:
– Understanding of addition and subtraction
– Counting in 2s, 5s, and 10s
Anticipated Challenges and Solutions:
- Challenge: Difficulty in understanding the difference between multiplication and addition.
Solution: Use concrete examples and repeated addition strategies to make it clear. -
Challenge: Confusion between the operations of division and subtraction.
Solution: Emphasize the concept of equal sharing and grouping using visual aids. -
Challenge: Struggle with new vocabulary.
Solution: Incorporate visual aids and repetition in reinforcing new terms.
Beginning Activities (10% of time):
- Introduction (5 minutes):
- Start with a brief discussion to activate prior knowledge, asking learners about their experiences with counting in groups.
- Use a relatable story or scenario involving counting objects or sharing items, such as sharing apples among friends.
Middle Activities (80% of time):
- Explicit Teaching (20 minutes):
- Multiplication:
- Demonstrate with counters on the whiteboard how 2 groups of 3 counters each can be seen as 2 x 3 = 6.
- Show the relationship with repeated addition: 3 + 3 = 6.
- Multiplication:
- Division:
- Use counters to demonstrate how 6 counters can be grouped into 2 equal groups of 3 counters each (6 รท 2 = 3).
- Explain the concept of sharing equally.
- Guided Practice (20 minutes):
- Hand out counters to learners and guide them through several problems, first on multiplication (e.g., 3 groups of 4 equals how many counters total?), then division (e.g., if you have 12 counters and want to make groups of 3, how many groups can you form?).
- Interactive Activity (15 minutes):
- Use visual aids such as pictures showing groups of objects. Have learners identify the multiplication or division equation that matches the picture.
- Pair learners for a peer-teaching segment where they explain multiplication and division problems to each other using counters.
- Independent Practice (25 minutes):
- Provide worksheets with simple multiplication and division problems. Circulate the room to provide support and check for understanding.
End Activities (10% of time):
- Review and Recap (5 minutes):
- Summarize key points: multiplication as repeated addition and division as sharing or grouping.
- Ask a few learners to share what they’ve learned.
- Exit Ticket (5 minutes):
- Have learners solve a simple multiplication and division problem on a piece of paper before they leave.
Assessment and Checks for Understanding:
- Formative Assessment:
- Observation during guided practice and interactive activities.
- Asking probing questions to check for understanding.
- Reviewing worksheets completed during independent practice.
- Summative Assessment:
- Short quiz at the end of the lesson covering basic multiplication and division problems.
Differentiation Strategies:
- For Advanced Learners:
- Provide more challenging problems and encourage them to explore the commutative property of multiplication.
- Introduce simple word problems involving multiplication and division.
- For Struggling Learners:
- Use additional concrete materials and spend extra time in guided practice.
- Pair them with peer buddies for additional support.
- Use simpler numbers and more visual aids to ensure comprehension.
- For EAL (English Additional Language) Learners:
- Utilize visual aids and physical demonstration more extensively.
- Provide vocabulary cards with pictures to aid understanding.
Teaching Notes:
- Ensure learners are familiar with the terms “multiplication” and “division” before jumping into problem-solving.
- Emphasize the practical applications of multiplication and division in everyday life.
- Monitor group interaction to ensure positive peer learning experiences.
- Be ready to adjust the pace based on learners’ comprehension levels.
This lesson plan integrates hands-on activities with concrete materials to help Grade 3 learners understand the fundamental concepts of multiplication and division, fostering both comprehension and engagement in alignment with the CAPS curriculum.